Northeast Operating Rules Advisory Committee (NORAC) 100 Practice Test

Ensuring rear-end visibility is the key idea. The end of trailing equipment must be clearly seen by anyone following or passing, so the rule requires an illuminated rear marking device or a rear headlight on low beam to be on at all times. This illumination helps prevent collisions by making the end of the train obvious in darkness or reduced visibility.

The other options don’t meet that requirement: a hazard beacon alone isn’t a substitute for the required marking/low beam illumination in normal conditions; a white flag isn’t an approved rear marking device; and a rear window wiper doesn’t provide any marking or lighting to indicate the train’s end.